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We use our Vision to perceive information about the world. Core aspects of learning typically require being able to see the detailed features of words, numbers, and other text clearly and being able to track text on paper and online. Students with uncorrected Vision issues can have difficulty distinguishing letters and reading and writing at the same rate as peers with normal or corrected Vision, which ultimately can affect Motivation, Attention, and academic success. In addition, students with low Vision or who are fully blind may benefit from teaching practices that are responsive to their needs, including auditory and tactile supports.
Early identification of Vision problems is critical for preventing academic difficulties later. Importantly, while Vision problems can make it hard to read, they are not the cause of dyslexia- and neither correcting Vision problems nor vision therapy will resolve reading difficulties in students with dyslexia. Some behaviors that can indicate a student has uncorrected Vision issues are covering or closing one eye, rubbing their eyes frequently, complaining of double vision, losing their place while reading or writing, or experiencing Attention difficulties. Evidence suggests that low income and historically and systematically excluded youth are at greater risk of underdiagnosis and undertreatment of Vision problems, likely due to inequitable medical care and access.
Vision screenings at school are an important first step to identifying children who may need glasses, updated lens prescription, or other visual aids. While important, these screenings typically only assess visual acuity, one aspect among many, of Vision and so a student may have a Vision problem that is not detected by the screening. So if a student is at risk for having Vision problems, they should receive an extensive eye examination regardless of screening results. Importantly, parents, teachers, and children should all be kept aware of their Vision status and best practices to support Vision to allow for students to best engage and succeed in their learning.
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