Measures and References: Vision

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Measures

Numerous measures exist to gain a full picture of a student's learning strengths and challenges. Following are examples of measures used to assess this Learner Factor. These measures should be administered and interpreted by experienced professionals.

Eye Exam and Vision Testing (American Academy of Ophthalmology, 2020): Complete eye examinations for adults are recommended by age 40 which look for early signs of disease or changes in vision.

References

American Optometric Association. Adult vision: 19 to 40 years of age. https://www.aoa.org/patients-and-public/good-vision-throughout-life/adult-vision-19-to-40-years-of-age

Ball, K. K., Beard, B. L., Roenker, D. L., Miller, R. L., & Griggs, D. S. (1988). Age and visual search: Expanding the useful field of view. JOSA A, 5(12), 2210-2219.

Ball, K., Edwards, J. D., & Ross, L. A. (2007). The impact of speed of processing training on cognitive and everyday functions. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 62(Special_Issue_1), 19-31.

Barhorst-Cates, E. M., Rand, K. M., & Creem-Regehr, S. H. (2017). Let me be your guide: Physical guidance improves spatial learning for older adults with simulated low vision. Experimental Brain Research, 235(11), 3307-3317.

Bourne, R. R., Flaxman, S. R., Braithwaite, T., Cicinelli, M. V., Das, A., Jonas, J. B., ... & Naidoo, K. (2017). Magnitude, temporal trends, and projections of the global prevalence of blindness and distance and near vision impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet Global Health, 5(9), e888-e897.

Casten, R., & Rovner, B. (2008). Depression in age-related macular degeneration. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 102(10), 591-599.

Castronovo, J., & Delvenne, J. F. (2013). Superior numerical abilities following early visual deprivation. Cortex, 49(5), 1435-1440.

Crews, J. E., & Campbell, V. A. (2004). Vision impairment and hearing loss among community-dwelling older Americans: Implications for health and functioning. American Journal of Public Health, 94(5), 823-829.

Fraser, S., Beeman, I., Southall, K., & Wittich, W. (2019). Stereotyping as a barrier to the social participation of older adults with low vision: a qualitative focus group study. BMJ Open, 9(9), e029940.

Gowrisankaran, S., & Sheedy, J. E. (2015). Computer vision syndrome: A review. Work, 52(2), 303-314.

Hersh, M. (2013). Deafblind people, communication, independence, and isolation. Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 18(4), 446-463.

Hotting, K., & Roder, B. (2009). Auditory and auditory-tactile processing in congenitally blind humans. Hearing Research, 258(1-2), 165-174.

National Federation of the Blind. Blindness Statistics. https://www.nfb.org/resources/blindness-statistics

Owsley, C. (2011). Aging and vision. Vision Research, 51(13), 1610-1622.

Raver, A., Murchake, H., & Chalk, H. M. (2018). Positive disability identity predicts sense of belonging in emerging adults with a disability. Psi Chi Journal of Psychological Research, 23(2).

Salillas, E., Grana, A., El-Yagoubi, R., & Semenza, C. (2009). Numbers in the blind's "eye". PloS One, 4(7), e6357.

Silverman, A. M., & Cohen, G. L. (2014). Stereotypes as stumbling-blocks: How coping with stereotype threat affects life outcomes for people with physical disabilities. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 40(10), 1330-1340.

Stevens, G. A., White, R. A., Flaxman, S. R., Price, H., Jonas, J. B., Keeffe, J., ... & Taylor, H. (2013). Global prevalence of vision impairment and blindness: Magnitude and temporal trends, 1990-2010. Ophthalmology, 120(12), 2377-2384.