The goals for students’ reading skills in Grades PK-3 include reading comprehension where learners fully understand the intended meaning. Understanding the Learner Factors and strategies that impact reading and how they connect to each other can help you build tools and lessons that support all learners.
Our research highlights several key themes about teaching and learning Reading at the PK-3 level
Reading development is rooted in children’s early language experiences, nurtured by their Home Literacy Environment.
Children use their Alphabet Knowledge and Phonological Awareness to start Decoding—the ability to sound out words.
Students’ Working Memory and Verbal Reasoning support their reading comprehension by helping them make inferences and connections.
To create each Learner Variability Project Learner Model, we follow a systematic methodology led by our expert researchers. The process is also overseen by an advisory board of leading content area and learning sciences experts.
Except where otherwise noted, content on this site is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
Reading development is rooted in children’s early language experiences, nurtured by their Home Literacy Environment.
Building students’ Vocabulary and Background Knowledge is key to supporting comprehension of both fiction and non-fiction texts.
Children use their Alphabet Knowledge and Phonological Awareness to start Decoding—the ability to sound out words.
Reading fluency—students’ ability to read quickly, accurately, and expressively—develops along with their Sight Recognition and confidence.
Students’ Working Memory and Verbal Reasoning support their reading comprehension by helping them make inferences and connections.
Young students may also need support in sustaining their Attention for learning.