Hover over the factors below to see their connections to each other. Then click to learn how each affects reading outcomes and to explore relevant strategies.
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Reading development is rooted in children’s early language experiences, nurtured by their Home Literacy Environment.
Building students’ Vocabulary and Background Knowledge is key to supporting comprehension of both fiction and non-fiction texts.
Children use their Alphabet Knowledge and Phonological Awareness to start Decoding—the ability to sound out words.
Reading fluency—students’ ability to read quickly, accurately, and expressively—develops along with their Sight Recognition and confidence.
Students’ Working Memory and Verbal Reasoning support their reading comprehension by helping them make inferences and connections.
Young students may also need support in sustaining their Attention for learning.